Synthetic lysine derivative. Suppresses plasminogen activation in keratinocytes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis and melanocyte activity.
Topical application
BLimited evidence. One RCT or several controlled studies with limitations.
Small RCTs show improvement in melasma with 2–5% tranexamic acid. Effect is weaker than the oral route. Independent large studies are limited.
Oral intake
BLimited evidence. One RCT or several controlled studies with limitations.
Oral tranexamic acid is one of the most evidence-based treatments for melasma. A 2020 meta-analysis of 10 RCTs confirmed significant reductions in MASI and mMASI indices. Risk of thrombosis with prolonged use requires assessment in at-risk patients.
2–5% topically; 500–750 mg/day orally (prescription only)
Irritation potential
LowAllergen risk
LowPregnancy
UnknownSuitable for
Safety data for Tranexamic Acid during pregnancy is insufficient. Best avoided when in doubt.
Tranexamic Acid suits: normal, dry, sensitive, combination, oily.
Synthetic lysine derivative.
The INCI name is Tranexamic Acid. It may also appear as: Trans-4-Aminomethylcyclohexane Carboxylic Acid, Транексамовая кислота.
2–5% topically; 500–750 mg/day orally (prescription only)
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